Iimpawu zePhysicochemical of Alkyl Polyglycosides-Phase yokuziphatha

Iinkqubo zokubini

Umzobo wesigaba se-C12-14 alkyl polyglycoside (C12-14 APG) / inkqubo yamanzi ihluke kwi-short-chain APG.(Umfanekiso 3).Kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ummandla oqinileyo/olulwelo ngaphantsi kwendawo yaseKrafft iye yenziwa, phezu koluhlu olubanzi loxinaniso.Ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, inkqubo iyatshintsha ibe yi-isotropic liquid phase.Ngenxa yokuba i-crystallization ihlehliswa ngokwe-kinetically kumlinganiselo omkhulu, lo mda wesigaba utshintsha indawo kunye nexesha lokugcina.Kwiindawo ezisezantsi, isigaba solwelo se-isotropic sitshintsha ngaphezulu kwe-35 ℃ ukuya kwindawo enezigaba ezibini zezigaba zolwelo ezibini, njengoko kuqhelekile ukubonwa nge-nonionic surfactants.Kugxininiso olungaphezulu kwe-60% ngobunzima, ukulandelelana kwesigaba sekristale yolwelo kwenziwa kuwo onke amaqondo obushushu.Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba kwingingqi yesigaba esisodwa se-isotropic, ukuhamba kwe-birefringence ebonakalayo kunokubonwa xa ugxininiso lungaphantsi nje kwesigaba esinyibilikisiweyo, kwaye emva koko inyamalale ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba inkqubo yokucheba igqityiwe.Nangona kunjalo, akukho mmandla we-polyphase wafunyanwa ukuba wahlulwe kwisigaba se-L1.Kwinqanaba le-L1, omnye ummandla one-birefringence engenamandla equkuqelayo ibekwe kufutshane nexabiso eliphantsi lolwelo/i-gap yokuxutywa kolwelo.
Uphando lwe-Phenomenological kwisakhiwo sezigaba ze-crystalline zamanzi zenziwe nguPlatz et al.Ukusebenzisa iindlela ezifana ne-polarization microscopy.Ukulandela olu phando, imimandla emithathu eyahlukeneyo ye-lamellar iqwalaselwa kwizisombululo ze-C12-14 APG ezigxininisiweyo: Lα_{l ,}Laa_lhkunye noLah.Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokuthungwa ngokwepolarization microscopy.
Emva kokugcinwa ixesha elide, isigaba esiqhelekileyo se-lamellar liquid crystalline siphuhlisa imimandla emnyama ye-pseudoisotropic phantsi kokukhanya kwe-polarized.Le mimandla yahlulwe ngokucacileyo kwiindawo ezinombhobho we-birefringent.Isigaba se-Lαh, esenzeka kuluhlu oluphakathi loxinaniso lwengingqi yesigaba sekristale yolwelo, kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, sibonisa ukwakheka okunjalo.I-Schlieren textures ayikaze ibonwe, nangona i-oyile i-oyile idla ngokubakho.Ukuba isampuli equlethe isigaba se-Lαh ipholile ukumisela indawo ye-Krafft, ukuthungwa kutshintsha ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa.Imimandla ye-pseudoisotropic kunye ne-oil streaks echazwe ngokucacileyo iyanyamalala.Ekuqaleni, akukho C12-14 APG crystallizes, endaweni yoko, isigaba esitsha lyotropic ebonisa kuphela birefringence buthathaka yenziwa.Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kakhulu, esi sigaba siyanda ukuya kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.Kwimeko ye-alkyl glycosides, kuvela imeko eyahlukileyo.Yonke i-electrolytes, ngaphandle kwe-sodium hydroxide, ibangele ukunciphisa okukhulu kumanqaku efu.Uluhlu lwe-electrolyte yoxinaniso lumalunga nomyalelo wobukhulu obuphantsi kune-alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers. .Okumangalisayo kukuba, kukho umahluko omncinci kakhulu phakathi kwe-electrolyte nganye.Ukongezwa kwe-alkali kunciphise kakhulu ukufu.Ukucacisa ukungafani kokuziphatha phakathi kwe-alkyl polyglycol ethers kunye ne-alkyl polyglycol ethers, kucingelwa ukuba iqela le-OH eliqokelelwe kwiyunithi ye-glucose liye lafumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-hydration kunye neqela le-ethylene oxide.Impembelelo enkulu kakhulu ye-electrolytes kwi-Alkyl polyglycol ethers ibonisa ukuba kukho intlawulo kumphezulu we-alkyl polyglycoside micelles, ngelixa i-alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers ithatha akukho ntlawulo.
Ngoko ke, i-alkyl polyglycosides iziphatha njengemixube ye-alkyl polyglycol ethers kunye ne-anionic surfactants. Uphononongo lwentsebenziswano phakathi kwe-alkyl glycosides kunye ne-anionic okanye i-cationic surfactants kunye nokumiselwa kwezinto ezinokubakho kwi-emulsion ibonisa ukuba i-alkyl glycosides micelles ine-pH yentlawulo engaphezulu. uluhlu lwe-3 ~ 9.Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuhlawuliswa kwe-alkyl polyethylene glycol ether micelles ibuthathaka kakuhle okanye isondele kwi-zero.Isizathu sokuba i-alkyl glycoside micelles ihlawuliswe kakubi asikacaciswanga ngokupheleleyo.