Iimpawu zePhysicochemical of Alkyl Polyglycosides-Phase yokuziphatha

Iinkqubo zokubini

Umzobo wesigaba se-C12-14 alkyl polyglycoside (C12-14 APG) / inkqubo yamanzi ihluke kwi-short-chain APG. (Umfanekiso 3). Kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ummandla oqinileyo/olulwelo ngaphantsi kwendawo yaseKrafft iye yenziwa, phezu koluhlu olubanzi loxinaniso. Ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, inkqubo iyatshintsha ibe yi-isotropic liquid phase. Ngenxa yokuba i-crystallization ihlehliswa ngokwe-kinetically kumlinganiselo omkhulu, lo mda wesigaba utshintsha indawo kunye nexesha lokugcina. Kwiindawo ezisezantsi, isigaba solwelo se-isotropic sitshintsha ngaphezulu kwe-35 ℃ ukuya kwindawo enezigaba ezibini zezigaba zolwelo ezibini, njengoko kuqhelekile ukubonwa nge-nonionic surfactants. Kugxininiso olungaphezulu kwe-60% ngobunzima, ukulandelelana kwesigaba sekristale yolwelo kwenziwa kuwo onke amaqondo obushushu. Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba kwingingqi yesigaba esisodwa se-isotropic, ukuhamba kwe-birefringence ebonakalayo kunokubonwa xa ugxininiso lungaphantsi nje kwesigaba esinyibilikisiweyo, kwaye emva koko inyamalale ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba inkqubo yokucheba igqityiwe. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mmandla we-polyphase wafunyanwa ukuba wahlulwe kwisigaba se-L1. Kwinqanaba le-L1, omnye ummandla one-birefringence engenamandla equkuqelayo ibekwe kufutshane nexabiso eliphantsi lolwelo/i-gap yokuxutywa kolwelo.
Uphando lwe-Phenomenological kwisakhiwo sezigaba ze-crystalline zamanzi zenziwe nguPlatz et al. Ukusebenzisa iindlela ezifana ne-polarization microscopy. Ukulandela olu phando, imimandla emithathu eyahlukeneyo ye-lamellar iqwalaselwa kwizisombululo ze-C12-14 APG ezigxininisiweyo: Lα_{l ,}Laa_lhkunye noLah. Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokuthungwa ngokwepolarization microscopy.
Emva kokugcinwa ixesha elide, isigaba esiqhelekileyo se-lamellar liquid crystalline siphuhlisa imimandla emnyama ye-pseudoisotropic phantsi kokukhanya kwe-polarized. Le mimandla yahlulwe ngokucacileyo kwiindawo ezinombhobho we-birefringent. Isigaba se-Lαh, esenzeka kuluhlu oluphakathi loxinaniso lwengingqi yesigaba sekristale yolwelo, kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo, sibonisa ukwakheka okunjalo. I-Schlieren textures ayikaze ibonwe, nangona i-oyile i-oyile idla ngokubakho. Ukuba isampuli equlethe isigaba se-Lαh ipholile ukumisela indawo ye-Krafft, ukuthungwa kutshintsha ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa. Imimandla ye-pseudoisotropic kunye ne-oil streaks echazwe ngokucacileyo iyanyamalala. Ekuqaleni, akukho C12-14 APG crystallizes, endaweni yoko, isigaba esitsha lyotropic ebonisa kuphela birefringence buthathaka yenziwa. Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kakhulu, esi sigaba siyanda ukuya kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Kwimeko ye-alkyl glycosides, kuvela imeko eyahlukileyo.Yonke i-electrolyte, ngaphandle kwe-sodium hydroxide, ibangele ukunciphisa okukhulu kumanqaku efu.Uluhlu lwe-electrolyte yoxinaniso lumalunga nomyalelo wobungakanani obuphantsi kunokongezwa kwe-alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers.Kuyamangalisa ukuba kukho ukuhluka kwe-electrolyte encinci kakhulu kuphela. Ukucacisa ukungafani kokuziphatha phakathi kwe-alkyl polyglycol ethers kunye ne-alkyl polyglycol ethers, kucingelwa ukuba iqela le-OH eliqokelelwe kwiyunithi ye-glucose liye lafumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-hydration kunye neqela le-ethylene oxide. Impembelelo enkulu kakhulu ye-electrolytes kwi-Alkyl polyglycol ethers ibonisa ukuba kukho intlawulo kumphezulu we-alkyl polyglycoside micelles, ngelixa i-alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers ithatha akukho ntlawulo.
Ke ngoko, ialkyl polyglycosides iziphatha njengemixube yealkyl polyglycol ethers kunye neanionic surfactants.Uphononongo lwentsebenziswano phakathi kwealkyl glycosides kunye neanionic okanye cationic surfactants kunye nokumiselwa kwesakhono kwi-emulsion ibonisa ukuba ialkyl glycosides micelles inoluhlu lokuchasa okungalunganga kwi-3. ipolyethylene glycol ether micelles inobuthathaka okanye isondele ku-zero. Isizathu sokuba i-alkyl glycoside micelles ihlawuliswe kakubi asikacaciswanga ngokupheleleyo.