I-Alkyl glucoside okanye i-Alkyl Polyglycoside yimveliso eyaziwayo yoshishino kwaye ibe yimveliso eqhelekileyo yokugxila kwimfundo ixesha elide. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-100 eyadlulayo, uFischer Synthesized kwaye wachonga ialkyl glycosides yokuqala elabhoratri, malunga ne-40years kamva, isicelo sokuqala selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza esichaza ukusetyenziswa kwealkyl glycosides kwizicoci zafakwa eJamani. Emva koko i-40-50years elandelayo, amanye amaqela eenkampani ajika ingqalelo kwi-alkyl glycosides kwaye aphuhlise iinkqubo zokuzivelisa ngokusekelwe kwiindlela zokudityaniswa kwe-Fischer.
Kolu phuhliso, umsebenzi wokuqala kaFischer malunga nokusabela kweglucose kunye ne-hydrophilic alcohols (efana ne-methanol, i-ethanol, i-glycerol, njl.) isetyenziswe kwii-alcohols ze-hydrophobic kunye namakhonkco e-alkyl, ukusuka kwi-octyl (C8) ukuya kwi-hexadecyl (C16) i-fatty eqhelekileyo. utywala.
Ngethamsanqa, ngenxa yeempawu zabo zesicelo, ukuveliswa kwemveliso akusiyo i-alkyl monoglucosides ecocekileyo, kodwa umxube oyinkimbinkimbi we-alkyl mono-, di-, tri-kunye ne-oligoglycosides, ziveliswa kwiinkqubo zoshishino. Ngenxa yoko, iimveliso zoshishino zibizwa ngokuba yi-alkyl polyglycosides, iimveliso zibonakaliswe ngobude be-alkyl chain kunye nenani eliqhelekileyo leeyunithi ze-glycose ezidibaniswe nayo, iqondo le-polymerization.
(Umfanekiso 1. Ifomula yemolekyuli ye-alkyl polyglucosides)
I-Rohm & Haas yayiyinkampani yokuqala yokuvelisa imveliso eninzi ye-octyl / decyl (C8 ~ C10) glycosides ekupheleni kwe-1970s, ilandelwa yi-BASF kunye ne-SEPPIC. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yentsebenzo enganelisiyo yolu luhlu olufutshane kunye nomgangatho ombi wombala, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunqunyelwe kumacandelo ambalwa emarike, njengamacandelo oshishino kunye neziko.
Umgangatho wale shor-chain alkyl glycoside uphuculwe kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kwaye inani leenkampani ngoku zibonelela nge-octyl / decyl glycosides entsha, kuquka i-BASF, SEPPIC, Akzo Nobel, ICI kunye neHenkel.
Ekuqaleni koo-1980, iinkampani ezininzi zaqala ukuphuhlisa ialkyl glycosides kuluhlu olude lwealkyl chain (dodecyl/tetradecyl, C12~C14) ukuze kubonelelwe ngesurfactant entsha kwishishini lezithambiso kunye nezokucoca. Baquka iHenkel KGaA, iDiisseldorf, iJamani, kunye neHorizon, icandelo le-AEStaley Manufacturing Company yaseDecatur, IIlinois, USA.
Ukusebenzisa ulwazi lweHorizon olufunyenwe ngexesha elinye, kunye namava eHenkel KGaA kuphando kunye nophuhliso eDiisseldorf. UHenkel waseka isityalo sokulinga ukuvelisa ialkyl polyglycosides eCrosby, eTexas. Umthamo wemveliso yeplanti wawuyi 5000 t pa, kwaye uye waqhutywa umzila ngo-1988 kunye no-1989. Injongo yeplanti yokulinga kukufumana iiparamitha zenkqubo kunye nokwandisa umgangatho kunye nokulima imakethi yale surfactant entsha.
Ngexesha elivela kwi-1990 ukuya kwi-1992, ezinye iinkampani zibhengeze umdla wazo wokuvelisa i-alkyl polyglycosides (C12-C14), kubandakanywa neChemische werke Hiils, ICI, Kao, SEPPIC.
Ngo-1992, i-Henkel yaseka isityalo esitsha e-USA ukuvelisa i-Alkyl polyglucosides kunye nomthamo wayo wokuvelisa ufikelele kwi-25000t pa i-Henkel KGaA iqalise isityalo sesibini esinomthamo ofanayo wemveliso ngo-1995.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-12-2020